Salivary Gland (Parotid) Tumor Surgery: A Complete Guide
Salivary gland tumors are abnormal growths that develop in the salivary glands, most commonly in the parotid gland, which is located in front of the ear and extends to the upper neck. While most parotid tumors are benign (non-cancerous), some can be malignant and require timely surgical treatment.
What is Parotid Tumor Surgery?
Parotid tumor surgery involves the removal of the tumor from the parotid gland while preserving vital structures, especially the facial nerve, which controls facial movements. The main objective is to completely remove the tumor and prevent recurrence while maintaining facial function.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of parotid tumors is often unknown, but risk factors include:
Radiation exposure to head and neck
Smoking
Increasing age
Occupational exposure to certain chemicals
Symptoms of Parotid Tumors
Common symptoms include:
Painless swelling near the ear or jaw
Facial asymmetry
Numbness or weakness of face
Difficulty in opening mouth
Pain in advanced cases
Any swelling in the parotid region should be evaluated by a specialist.
Types of Parotid Tumor Surgery
1. Superficial Parotidectomy
Removal of the superficial part of the gland. Most common for benign tumors.
2. Total Parotidectomy
Removal of entire gland, usually for malignant tumors.
3. Radical Parotidectomy
Removal of gland with involved facial nerve (rare, advanced cases).
4. Neck Dissection
Performed if cancer has spread to lymph nodes.
Facial Nerve Preservation
Modern parotid surgery uses:
Facial nerve monitoring
Microsurgical techniques
Magnification systems
These greatly reduce the risk of permanent facial weakness.
Recovery After Parotid Surgery
Patients usually experience:
Hospital stay: 2–5 days
Mild facial swelling
Temporary facial weakness (improves over time)
Small surgical scar
Most return to normal activities within 2–3 weeks.
Risks and Complications
Possible risks include:
Temporary or permanent facial weakness
Numbness of ear
Salivary fistula
Frey’s syndrome (sweating while eating)
These are uncommon when surgery is performed by an experienced surgeon.
Success Rate
Benign tumors: Excellent cure rate
Malignant tumors: Good outcomes with early surgery + radiation if needed
Why Choose a Specialist Surgeon?
Parotid surgery is technically demanding. Specialist care ensures:
Maximum tumor clearance
Facial nerve safety
Minimal scarring
Lower recurrence rates
Final Thoughts
Salivary gland (parotid) tumor surgery today is safe, precise and highly successful. Early diagnosis and expert surgical care provide the best chance of complete recovery with preserved facial function.